The analysis of more than two thousand bee samples collected throughout Germany revealed no acute threat to the genetic diversity of the western honey bee (Apis mellifera L.). An effective population size of over 3,000 ensures genetic diversity. Both the Carnica and Buckfast bee populations are genetically stable in Germany. The population of the dark bee, on the other hand, is genetically close and apparently still dependent on its connection to foreign conservation areas.

However, signs of genetic mixing have been observed, which could lead to population leveling and the loss of independence of bee breeds and lineages in the long term. Not only the inherently mixed terrestrial bees are affected, but also the historical breeding lines of Carnica bees (Sklenar, Peschetz) and Mellifera bees. All populations are generally more mixed than expected. These results correspond with the evaluation of the accompanying questionnaires, which paint a very homogeneous picture of the demands placed on bees. These surveyed the assessment of current bees and priorities in initial and future decisions regarding bee acquisition.

The project also determined the structure of breeding in Germany, revealing significant differences in the organizational integration and networking of breeders, as well as in the scope and methodological depth of breeding work.

The project provides important insights for the conservation of genetic diversity and serves as a basis for future conservation measures and long-term monitoring. Further information can be found in the detailed report and here.